Irrealis Mood

  bzichett
Wednesday, Mar. 27 2019, 09:18:28 AM
Edited: Wednesday, Mar. 27 2019, 09:20:28 AM
WikipediaMental Model

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irrealis_mood

Subjunctive

Event is considered unlikely (mainly used in dependent clauses).

"If I loved you...", "May I love you"

Conditional(cond)

Event depends upon another condition.

"I would love you"

Optative

Event is hoped, expected, or waited.

"May I be loved!"

Jussive (jus)

Event is pleaded, implored or asked.

"Everyone should be loved"

Potential (pot)

Event is probable or considered likely

"She probably loves me"

Imperative and Prohibitive

Event is directly ordered or requested by the speaker. Prohibitive is the negation of an imperative statement, i.e., the speaker prohibits an event (orders to it not occur).

"Love me!", "Do not love me"

Desiderative

Event is desired/wished by the speaker

"I wish she loved me."

Dubitative

Event is uncertain, doubtful, dubious.

"I think she loves me."

Hypothetical

Event is hypothetical, or it is counterfactual, but possible

"I might love you [if...]"

Presumptive

Event is assumed, presupposed by the speaker

There is no exact English example, although it could be translated as: "[Even] if I loved you [...]"

Permissive

Event is permitted by the speaker.[2]

"You may [not] love me..."

Admirative (mir)

Event is surprising or amazing (literally or in irony or sarcasm).

"Wow! She loves me!"

Hortative

Event is exhorted, implored, insisted or encouraged by speaker.

"Let us love!"

Eventive

Event is likely but depends upon a condition. It is a combination of the potential and the conditional moods.

"I would probably love you, if [...]"

Precative (prec)

Event is requested by the speaker

"Will you pass me the salt?"

Volitive (vol)

Event is desired, wished or feared by the speaker.

Inferential (inferor infr)

Event is nonwitnessed, and not confirmed.

There is no exact English example, although it could be translated as: "She is said to love me"

Necessitative

Event is necessary, or it is both desired and encouraged. It is a combination of hortative and jussive.

Interrogative(int)

Event is asked or questioned by the speaker

Does she love me?